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openclaw/docs/tools/slash-commands.md

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---
summary: "Slash commands: text vs native, config, and supported commands"
read_when:
- Using or configuring chat commands
- Debugging command routing or permissions
title: "Slash Commands"
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---
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# Slash commands
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Commands are handled by the Gateway. Most commands must be sent as a **standalone** message that starts with `/`.
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The host-only bash chat command uses `! <cmd>` (with `/bash <cmd>` as an alias).
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There are two related systems:
- **Commands**: standalone `/...` messages.
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- **Directives**: `/think`, `/verbose`, `/reasoning`, `/elevated`, `/exec`, `/model`, `/queue`.
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- Directives are stripped from the message before the model sees it.
- In normal chat messages (not directive-only), they are treated as “inline hints” and do **not** persist session settings.
- In directive-only messages (the message contains only directives), they persist to the session and reply with an acknowledgement.
- Directives are only applied for **authorized senders**. If `commands.allowFrom` is set, it is the only
allowlist used; otherwise authorization comes from channel allowlists/pairing plus `commands.useAccessGroups`.
Unauthorized senders see directives treated as plain text.
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There are also a few **inline shortcuts** (allowlisted/authorized senders only): `/help`, `/commands`, `/status`, `/whoami` (`/id`).
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They run immediately, are stripped before the model sees the message, and the remaining text continues through the normal flow.
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## Config
```json5
{
commands: {
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native: "auto",
nativeSkills: "auto",
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text: true,
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bash: false,
bashForegroundMs: 2000,
config: false,
debug: false,
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restart: false,
allowFrom: {
"*": ["user1"],
discord: ["user:123"],
},
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useAccessGroups: true,
},
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}
```
- `commands.text` (default `true`) enables parsing `/...` in chat messages.
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- On surfaces without native commands (WhatsApp/WebChat/Signal/iMessage/Google Chat/MS Teams), text commands still work even if you set this to `false`.
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- `commands.native` (default `"auto"`) registers native commands.
- Auto: on for Discord/Telegram; off for Slack (until you add slash commands); ignored for providers without native support.
- Set `channels.discord.commands.native`, `channels.telegram.commands.native`, or `channels.slack.commands.native` to override per provider (bool or `"auto"`).
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- `false` clears previously registered commands on Discord/Telegram at startup. Slack commands are managed in the Slack app and are not removed automatically.
- `commands.nativeSkills` (default `"auto"`) registers **skill** commands natively when supported.
- Auto: on for Discord/Telegram; off for Slack (Slack requires creating a slash command per skill).
- Set `channels.discord.commands.nativeSkills`, `channels.telegram.commands.nativeSkills`, or `channels.slack.commands.nativeSkills` to override per provider (bool or `"auto"`).
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- `commands.bash` (default `false`) enables `! <cmd>` to run host shell commands (`/bash <cmd>` is an alias; requires `tools.elevated` allowlists).
- `commands.bashForegroundMs` (default `2000`) controls how long bash waits before switching to background mode (`0` backgrounds immediately).
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- `commands.config` (default `false`) enables `/config` (reads/writes `openclaw.json`).
- `commands.debug` (default `false`) enables `/debug` (runtime-only overrides).
- `commands.allowFrom` (optional) sets a per-provider allowlist for command authorization. When configured, it is the
only authorization source for commands and directives (channel allowlists/pairing and `commands.useAccessGroups`
are ignored). Use `"*"` for a global default; provider-specific keys override it.
- `commands.useAccessGroups` (default `true`) enforces allowlists/policies for commands when `commands.allowFrom` is not set.
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## Command list
Text + native (when enabled):
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- `/help`
- `/commands`
- `/skill <name> [input]` (run a skill by name)
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- `/status` (show current status; includes provider usage/quota for the current model provider when available)
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- `/allowlist` (list/add/remove allowlist entries)
- `/approve <id> allow-once|allow-always|deny` (resolve exec approval prompts)
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- `/context [list|detail|json]` (explain “context”; `detail` shows per-file + per-tool + per-skill + system prompt size)
- `/export-session [path]` (alias: `/export`) (export current session to HTML with full system prompt)
Move provider to a plugin-architecture (#661) * refactor: introduce provider plugin registry * refactor: move provider CLI to plugins * docs: add provider plugin implementation notes * refactor: shift provider runtime logic into plugins * refactor: add plugin defaults and summaries * docs: update provider plugin notes * feat(commands): add /commands slash list * Auto-reply: tidy help message * Auto-reply: fix status command lint * Tests: align google shared expectations * Auto-reply: tidy help message * Auto-reply: fix status command lint * refactor: move provider routing into plugins * test: align agent routing expectations * docs: update provider plugin notes * refactor: route replies via provider plugins * docs: note route-reply plugin hooks * refactor: extend provider plugin contract * refactor: derive provider status from plugins * refactor: unify gateway provider control * refactor: use plugin metadata in auto-reply * fix: parenthesize cron target selection * refactor: derive gateway methods from plugins * refactor: generalize provider logout * refactor: route provider logout through plugins * refactor: move WhatsApp web login methods into plugin * refactor: generalize provider log prefixes * refactor: centralize default chat provider * refactor: derive provider lists from registry * refactor: move provider reload noops into plugins * refactor: resolve web login provider via alias * refactor: derive CLI provider options from plugins * refactor: derive prompt provider list from plugins * style: apply biome lint fixes * fix: resolve provider routing edge cases * docs: update provider plugin refactor notes * fix(gateway): harden agent provider routing * refactor: move provider routing into plugins * refactor: move provider CLI to plugins * refactor: derive provider lists from registry * fix: restore slash command parsing * refactor: align provider ids for schema * refactor: unify outbound target resolution * fix: keep outbound labels stable * feat: add msteams to cron surfaces * fix: clean up lint build issues * refactor: localize chat provider alias normalization * refactor: drive gateway provider lists from plugins * docs: update provider plugin notes * style: format message-provider * fix: avoid provider registry init cycles * style: sort message-provider imports * fix: relax provider alias map typing * refactor: move provider routing into plugins * refactor: add plugin pairing/config adapters * refactor: route pairing and provider removal via plugins * refactor: align auto-reply provider typing * test: stabilize telegram media mocks * docs: update provider plugin refactor notes * refactor: pluginize outbound targets * refactor: pluginize provider selection * refactor: generalize text chunk limits * docs: update provider plugin notes * refactor: generalize group session/config * fix: normalize provider id for room detection * fix: avoid provider init in system prompt * style: formatting cleanup * refactor: normalize agent delivery targets * test: update outbound delivery labels * chore: fix lint regressions * refactor: extend provider plugin adapters * refactor: move elevated/block streaming defaults to plugins * refactor: defer outbound send deps to plugins * docs: note plugin-driven streaming/elevated defaults * refactor: centralize webchat provider constant * refactor: add provider setup adapters * refactor: delegate provider add config to plugins * docs: document plugin-driven provider add * refactor: add plugin state/binding metadata * refactor: build agent provider status from plugins * docs: note plugin-driven agent bindings * refactor: centralize internal provider constant usage * fix: normalize WhatsApp targets for groups and E.164 (#631) (thanks @imfing) * refactor: centralize default chat provider * refactor: centralize WhatsApp target normalization * refactor: move provider routing into plugins * refactor: normalize agent delivery targets * chore: fix lint regressions * fix: normalize WhatsApp targets for groups and E.164 (#631) (thanks @imfing) * feat: expand provider plugin adapters * refactor: route auto-reply via provider plugins * fix: align WhatsApp target normalization * fix: normalize WhatsApp targets for groups and E.164 (#631) (thanks @imfing) * refactor: centralize WhatsApp target normalization * feat: add /config chat config updates * docs: add /config get alias * feat(commands): add /commands slash list * refactor: centralize default chat provider * style: apply biome lint fixes * chore: fix lint regressions * fix: clean up whatsapp allowlist typing * style: format config command helpers * refactor: pluginize tool threading context * refactor: normalize session announce targets * docs: note new plugin threading and announce hooks * refactor: pluginize message actions * docs: update provider plugin actions notes * fix: align provider action adapters * refactor: centralize webchat checks * style: format message provider helpers * refactor: move provider onboarding into adapters * docs: note onboarding provider adapters * feat: add msteams onboarding adapter * style: organize onboarding imports * fix: normalize msteams allowFrom types * feat: add plugin text chunk limits * refactor: use plugin chunk limit fallbacks * feat: add provider mention stripping hooks * style: organize provider plugin type imports * refactor: generalize health snapshots * refactor: update macOS health snapshot handling * docs: refresh health snapshot notes * style: format health snapshot updates * refactor: drive security warnings via plugins * docs: note provider security adapter * style: format provider security adapters * refactor: centralize provider account defaults * refactor: type gateway client identity constants * chore: regen gateway protocol swift * fix: degrade health on failed provider probe * refactor: centralize pairing approve hint * docs: add plugin CLI command references * refactor: route auth and tool sends through plugins * docs: expand provider plugin hooks * refactor: document provider docking touchpoints * refactor: normalize internal provider defaults * refactor: streamline outbound delivery wiring * refactor: make provider onboarding plugin-owned * refactor: support provider-owned agent tools * refactor: move telegram draft chunking into telegram module * refactor: infer provider tool sends via extractToolSend * fix: repair plugin onboarding imports * refactor: de-dup outbound target normalization * style: tidy plugin and agent imports * refactor: data-drive provider selection line * fix: satisfy lint after provider plugin rebase * test: deflake gateway-cli coverage * style: format gateway-cli coverage test * refactor(provider-plugins): simplify provider ids * test(pairing-cli): avoid provider-specific ternary * style(macos): swiftformat HealthStore * refactor(sandbox): derive provider tool denylist * fix(sandbox): avoid plugin init in defaults * refactor(provider-plugins): centralize provider aliases * style(test): satisfy biome * refactor(protocol): v3 providers.status maps * refactor(ui): adapt to protocol v3 * refactor(macos): adapt to protocol v3 * test: update providers.status v3 fixtures * refactor(gateway): map provider runtime snapshot * test(gateway): update reload runtime snapshot * refactor(whatsapp): normalize heartbeat provider id * docs(refactor): update provider plugin notes * style: satisfy biome after rebase * fix: describe sandboxed elevated in prompt * feat(gateway): add agent image attachments + live probe * refactor: derive CLI provider options from plugins * fix(gateway): harden agent provider routing * fix(gateway): harden agent provider routing * refactor: align provider ids for schema * fix(protocol): keep agent provider string * fix(gateway): harden agent provider routing * fix(protocol): keep agent provider string * refactor: normalize agent delivery targets * refactor: support provider-owned agent tools * refactor(config): provider-keyed elevated allowFrom * style: satisfy biome * fix(gateway): appease provider narrowing * style: satisfy biome * refactor(reply): move group intro hints into plugin * fix(reply): avoid plugin registry init cycle * refactor(providers): add lightweight provider dock * refactor(gateway): use typed client id in connect * refactor(providers): document docks and avoid init cycles * refactor(providers): make media limit helper generic * fix(providers): break plugin registry import cycles * style: satisfy biome * refactor(status-all): build providers table from plugins * refactor(gateway): delegate web login to provider plugin * refactor(provider): drop web alias * refactor(provider): lazy-load monitors * style: satisfy lint/format * style: format status-all providers table * style: swiftformat gateway discovery model * test: make reload plan plugin-driven * fix: avoid token stringification in status-all * refactor: make provider IDs explicit in status * feat: warn on signal/imessage provider runtime errors * test: cover gateway provider runtime warnings in status * fix: add runtime kind to provider status issues * test: cover health degradation on probe failure * fix: keep routeReply lightweight * style: organize routeReply imports * refactor(web): extract auth-store helpers * refactor(whatsapp): lazy login imports * refactor(outbound): route replies via plugin outbound * docs: update provider plugin notes * style: format provider status issues * fix: make sandbox scope warning wrap-safe * refactor: load outbound adapters from provider plugins * docs: update provider plugin outbound notes * style(macos): fix swiftformat lint * docs: changelog for provider plugins * fix(macos): satisfy swiftformat * fix(macos): open settings via menu action * style: format after rebase * fix(macos): open Settings via menu action --------- Co-authored-by: LK <luke@kyohere.com> Co-authored-by: Luke K (pr-0f3t) <2609441+lc0rp@users.noreply.github.com> Co-authored-by: Xin <xin@imfing.com>
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- `/whoami` (show your sender id; alias: `/id`)
- `/session idle <duration|off>` (manage inactivity auto-unfocus for focused thread bindings)
- `/session max-age <duration|off>` (manage hard max-age auto-unfocus for focused thread bindings)
- `/subagents list|kill|log|info|send|steer|spawn` (inspect, control, or spawn sub-agent runs for the current session)
feat: ACP thread-bound agents (#23580) * docs: add ACP thread-bound agents plan doc * docs: expand ACP implementation specification * feat(acp): route ACP sessions through core dispatch and lifecycle cleanup * feat(acp): add /acp commands and Discord spawn gate * ACP: add acpx runtime plugin backend * fix(subagents): defer transient lifecycle errors before announce * Agents: harden ACP sessions_spawn and tighten spawn guidance * Agents: require explicit ACP target for runtime spawns * docs: expand ACP control-plane implementation plan * ACP: harden metadata seeding and spawn guidance * ACP: centralize runtime control-plane manager and fail-closed dispatch * ACP: harden runtime manager and unify spawn helpers * Commands: route ACP sessions through ACP runtime in agent command * ACP: require persisted metadata for runtime spawns * Sessions: preserve ACP metadata when updating entries * Plugins: harden ACP backend registry across loaders * ACPX: make availability probe compatible with adapters * E2E: add manual Discord ACP plain-language smoke script * ACPX: preserve streamed spacing across Discord delivery * Docs: add ACP Discord streaming strategy * ACP: harden Discord stream buffering for thread replies * ACP: reuse shared block reply pipeline for projector * ACP: unify streaming config and adopt coalesceIdleMs * Docs: add temporary ACP production hardening plan * Docs: trim temporary ACP hardening plan goals * Docs: gate ACP thread controls by backend capabilities * ACP: add capability-gated runtime controls and /acp operator commands * Docs: remove temporary ACP hardening plan * ACP: fix spawn target validation and close cache cleanup * ACP: harden runtime dispatch and recovery paths * ACP: split ACP command/runtime internals and centralize policy * ACP: harden runtime lifecycle, validation, and observability * ACP: surface runtime and backend session IDs in thread bindings * docs: add temp plan for binding-service migration * ACP: migrate thread binding flows to SessionBindingService * ACP: address review feedback and preserve prompt wording * ACPX plugin: pin runtime dependency and prefer bundled CLI * Discord: complete binding-service migration cleanup and restore ACP plan * Docs: add standalone ACP agents guide * ACP: route harness intents to thread-bound ACP sessions * ACP: fix spawn thread routing and queue-owner stall * ACP: harden startup reconciliation and command bypass handling * ACP: fix dispatch bypass type narrowing * ACP: align runtime metadata to agentSessionId * ACP: normalize session identifier handling and labels * ACP: mark thread banner session ids provisional until first reply * ACP: stabilize session identity mapping and startup reconciliation * ACP: add resolved session-id notices and cwd in thread intros * Discord: prefix thread meta notices consistently * Discord: unify ACP/thread meta notices with gear prefix * Discord: split thread persona naming from meta formatting * Extensions: bump acpx plugin dependency to 0.1.9 * Agents: gate ACP prompt guidance behind acp.enabled * Docs: remove temp experiment plan docs * Docs: scope streaming plan to holy grail refactor * Docs: refactor ACP agents guide for human-first flow * Docs/Skill: add ACP feature-flag guidance and direct acpx telephone-game flow * Docs/Skill: add OpenCode and Pi to ACP harness lists * Docs/Skill: align ACP harness list with current acpx registry * Dev/Test: move ACP plain-language smoke script and mark as keep * Docs/Skill: reorder ACP harness lists with Pi first * ACP: split control-plane manager into core/types/utils modules * Docs: refresh ACP thread-bound agents plan * ACP: extract dispatch lane and split manager domains * ACP: centralize binding context and remove reverse deps * Infra: unify system message formatting * ACP: centralize error boundaries and session id rendering * ACP: enforce init concurrency cap and strict meta clear * Tests: fix ACP dispatch binding mock typing * Tests: fix Discord thread-binding mock drift and ACP request id * ACP: gate slash bypass and persist cleared overrides * ACPX: await pre-abort cancel before runTurn return * Extension: pin acpx runtime dependency to 0.1.11 * Docs: add pinned acpx install strategy for ACP extension * Extensions/acpx: enforce strict local pinned startup * Extensions/acpx: tighten acp-router install guidance * ACPX: retry runtime test temp-dir cleanup * Extensions/acpx: require proactive ACPX repair for thread spawns * Extensions/acpx: require restart offer after acpx reinstall * extensions/acpx: remove workspace protocol devDependency * extensions/acpx: bump pinned acpx to 0.1.13 * extensions/acpx: sync lockfile after dependency bump * ACPX: make runtime spawn Windows-safe * fix: align doctor-config-flow repair tests with default-account migration (#23580) (thanks @osolmaz)
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- `/acp spawn|cancel|steer|close|status|set-mode|set|cwd|permissions|timeout|model|reset-options|doctor|install|sessions` (inspect and control ACP runtime sessions)
feat: thread-bound subagents on Discord (#21805) * docs: thread-bound subagents plan * docs: add exact thread-bound subagent implementation touchpoints * Docs: prioritize auto thread-bound subagent flow * Docs: add ACP harness thread-binding extensions * Discord: add thread-bound session routing and auto-bind spawn flow * Subagents: add focus commands and ACP/session binding lifecycle hooks * Tests: cover thread bindings, focus commands, and ACP unbind hooks * Docs: add plugin-hook appendix for thread-bound subagents * Plugins: add subagent lifecycle hook events * Core: emit subagent lifecycle hooks and decouple Discord bindings * Discord: handle subagent bind lifecycle via plugin hooks * Subagents: unify completion finalizer and split registry modules * Add subagent lifecycle events module * Hooks: fix subagent ended context key * Discord: share thread bindings across ESM and Jiti * Subagents: add persistent sessions_spawn mode for thread-bound sessions * Subagents: clarify thread intro and persistent completion copy * test(subagents): stabilize sessions_spawn lifecycle cleanup assertions * Discord: add thread-bound session TTL with auto-unfocus * Subagents: fail session spawns when thread bind fails * Subagents: cover thread session failure cleanup paths * Session: add thread binding TTL config and /session ttl controls * Tests: align discord reaction expectations * Agent: persist sessionFile for keyed subagent sessions * Discord: normalize imports after conflict resolution * Sessions: centralize sessionFile resolve/persist helper * Discord: harden thread-bound subagent session routing * Rebase: resolve upstream/main conflicts * Subagents: move thread binding into hooks and split bindings modules * Docs: add channel-agnostic subagent routing hook plan * Agents: decouple subagent routing from Discord * Discord: refactor thread-bound subagent flows * Subagents: prevent duplicate end hooks and orphaned failed sessions * Refactor: split subagent command and provider phases * Subagents: honor hook delivery target overrides * Discord: add thread binding kill switches and refresh plan doc * Discord: fix thread bind channel resolution * Routing: centralize account id normalization * Discord: clean up thread bindings on startup failures * Discord: add startup cleanup regression tests * Docs: add long-term thread-bound subagent architecture * Docs: split session binding plan and dedupe thread-bound doc * Subagents: add channel-agnostic session binding routing * Subagents: stabilize announce completion routing tests * Subagents: cover multi-bound completion routing * Subagents: suppress lifecycle hooks on failed thread bind * tests: fix discord provider mock typing regressions * docs/protocol: sync slash command aliases and delete param models * fix: add changelog entry for Discord thread-bound subagents (#21805) (thanks @onutc) --------- Co-authored-by: Shadow <hi@shadowing.dev>
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- `/agents` (list thread-bound agents for this session)
- `/focus <target>` (Discord: bind this thread, or a new thread, to a session/subagent target)
- `/unfocus` (Discord: remove the current thread binding)
Agents: add nested subagent orchestration controls and reduce subagent token waste (#14447) * Agents: add subagent orchestration controls * Agents: add subagent orchestration controls (WIP uncommitted changes) * feat(subagents): add depth-based spawn gating for sub-sub-agents * feat(subagents): tool policy, registry, and announce chain for nested agents * feat(subagents): system prompt, docs, changelog for nested sub-agents * fix(subagents): prevent model fallback override, show model during active runs, and block context overflow fallback Bug 1: When a session has an explicit model override (e.g., gpt/openai-codex), the fallback candidate logic in resolveFallbackCandidates silently appended the global primary model (opus) as a backstop. On reinjection/steer with a transient error, the session could fall back to opus which has a smaller context window and crash. Fix: when storedModelOverride is set, pass fallbacksOverride ?? [] instead of undefined, preventing the implicit primary backstop. Bug 2: Active subagents showed 'model n/a' in /subagents list because resolveModelDisplay only read entry.model/modelProvider (populated after run completes). Fix: fall back to modelOverride/providerOverride fields which are populated at spawn time via sessions.patch. Bug 3: Context overflow errors (prompt too long, context_length_exceeded) could theoretically escape runEmbeddedPiAgent and be treated as failover candidates in runWithModelFallback, causing a switch to a model with a smaller context window. Fix: in runWithModelFallback, detect context overflow errors via isLikelyContextOverflowError and rethrow them immediately instead of trying the next model candidate. * fix(subagents): track spawn depth in session store and fix announce routing for nested agents * Fix compaction status tracking and dedupe overflow compaction triggers * fix(subagents): enforce depth block via session store and implement cascade kill * fix: inject group chat context into system prompt * fix(subagents): always write model to session store at spawn time * Preserve spawnDepth when agent handler rewrites session entry * fix(subagents): suppress announce on steer-restart * fix(subagents): fallback spawned session model to runtime default * fix(subagents): enforce spawn depth when caller key resolves by sessionId * feat(subagents): implement active-first ordering for numeric targets and enhance task display - Added a test to verify that subagents with numeric targets follow an active-first list ordering. - Updated `resolveSubagentTarget` to sort subagent runs based on active status and recent activity. - Enhanced task display in command responses to prevent truncation of long task descriptions. - Introduced new utility functions for compacting task text and managing subagent run states. * fix(subagents): show model for active runs via run record fallback When the spawned model matches the agent's default model, the session store's override fields are intentionally cleared (isDefault: true). The model/modelProvider fields are only populated after the run completes. This left active subagents showing 'model n/a'. Fix: store the resolved model on SubagentRunRecord at registration time, and use it as a fallback in both display paths (subagents tool and /subagents command) when the session store entry has no model info. Changes: - SubagentRunRecord: add optional model field - registerSubagentRun: accept and persist model param - sessions-spawn-tool: pass resolvedModel to registerSubagentRun - subagents-tool: pass run record model as fallback to resolveModelDisplay - commands-subagents: pass run record model as fallback to resolveModelDisplay * feat(chat): implement session key resolution and reset on sidebar navigation - Added functions to resolve the main session key and reset chat state when switching sessions from the sidebar. - Updated the `renderTab` function to handle session key changes when navigating to the chat tab. - Introduced a test to verify that the session resets to "main" when opening chat from the sidebar navigation. * fix: subagent timeout=0 passthrough and fallback prompt duplication Bug 1: runTimeoutSeconds=0 now means 'no timeout' instead of applying 600s default - sessions-spawn-tool: default to undefined (not 0) when neither timeout param is provided; use != null check so explicit 0 passes through to gateway - agent.ts: accept 0 as valid timeout (resolveAgentTimeoutMs already handles 0 → MAX_SAFE_TIMEOUT_MS) Bug 2: model fallback no longer re-injects the original prompt as a duplicate - agent.ts: track fallback attempt index; on retries use a short continuation message instead of the full original prompt since the session file already contains it from the first attempt - Also skip re-sending images on fallback retries (already in session) * feat(subagents): truncate long task descriptions in subagents command output - Introduced a new utility function to format task previews, limiting their length to improve readability. - Updated the command handler to use the new formatting function, ensuring task descriptions are truncated appropriately. - Adjusted related tests to verify that long task descriptions are now truncated in the output. * refactor(subagents): update subagent registry path resolution and improve command output formatting - Replaced direct import of STATE_DIR with a utility function to resolve the state directory dynamically. - Enhanced the formatting of command output for active and recent subagents, adding separators for better readability. - Updated related tests to reflect changes in command output structure. * fix(subagent): default sessions_spawn to no timeout when runTimeoutSeconds omitted The previous fix (75a791106) correctly handled the case where runTimeoutSeconds was explicitly set to 0 ("no timeout"). However, when models omit the parameter entirely (which is common since the schema marks it as optional), runTimeoutSeconds resolved to undefined. undefined flowed through the chain as: sessions_spawn → timeout: undefined (since undefined != null is false) → gateway agent handler → agentCommand opts.timeout: undefined → resolveAgentTimeoutMs({ overrideSeconds: undefined }) → DEFAULT_AGENT_TIMEOUT_SECONDS (600s = 10 minutes) This caused subagents to be killed at exactly 10 minutes even though the user's intent (via TOOLS.md) was for subagents to run without a timeout. Fix: default runTimeoutSeconds to 0 (no timeout) when neither runTimeoutSeconds nor timeoutSeconds is provided by the caller. Subagent spawns are long-running by design and should not inherit the 600s agent-command default timeout. * fix(subagent): accept timeout=0 in agent-via-gateway path (second 600s default) * fix: thread timeout override through getReplyFromConfig dispatch path getReplyFromConfig called resolveAgentTimeoutMs({ cfg }) with no override, always falling back to the config default (600s). Add timeoutOverrideSeconds to GetReplyOptions and pass it through as overrideSeconds so callers of the dispatch chain can specify a custom timeout (0 = no timeout). This complements the existing timeout threading in agentCommand and the cron isolated-agent runner, which already pass overrideSeconds correctly. * feat(model-fallback): normalize OpenAI Codex model references and enhance fallback handling - Added normalization for OpenAI Codex model references, specifically converting "gpt-5.3-codex" to "openai-codex" before execution. - Updated the `resolveFallbackCandidates` function to utilize the new normalization logic. - Enhanced tests to verify the correct behavior of model normalization and fallback mechanisms. - Introduced a new test case to ensure that the normalization process works as expected for various input formats. * feat(tests): add unit tests for steer failure behavior in openclaw-tools - Introduced a new test file to validate the behavior of subagents when steer replacement dispatch fails. - Implemented tests to ensure that the announce behavior is restored correctly and that the suppression reason is cleared as expected. - Enhanced the subagent registry with a new function to clear steer restart suppression. - Updated related components to support the new test scenarios. * fix(subagents): replace stop command with kill in slash commands and documentation - Updated the `/subagents` command to replace `stop` with `kill` for consistency in controlling sub-agent runs. - Modified related documentation to reflect the change in command usage. - Removed legacy timeoutSeconds references from the sessions-spawn-tool schema and tests to streamline timeout handling. - Enhanced tests to ensure correct behavior of the updated commands and their interactions. * feat(tests): add unit tests for readLatestAssistantReply function - Introduced a new test file for the `readLatestAssistantReply` function to validate its behavior with various message scenarios. - Implemented tests to ensure the function correctly retrieves the latest assistant message and handles cases where the latest message has no text. - Mocked the gateway call to simulate different message histories for comprehensive testing. * feat(tests): enhance subagent kill-all cascade tests and announce formatting - Added a new test to verify that the `kill-all` command cascades through ended parents to active descendants in subagents. - Updated the subagent announce formatting tests to reflect changes in message structure, including the replacement of "Findings:" with "Result:" and the addition of new expectations for message content. - Improved the handling of long findings and stats in the announce formatting logic to ensure concise output. - Refactored related functions to enhance clarity and maintainability in the subagent registry and tools. * refactor(subagent): update announce formatting and remove unused constants - Modified the subagent announce formatting to replace "Findings:" with "Result:" and adjusted related expectations in tests. - Removed constants for maximum announce findings characters and summary words, simplifying the announcement logic. - Updated the handling of findings to retain full content instead of truncating, ensuring more informative outputs. - Cleaned up unused imports in the commands-subagents file to enhance code clarity. * feat(tests): enhance billing error handling in user-facing text - Added tests to ensure that normal text mentioning billing plans is not rewritten, preserving user context. - Updated the `isBillingErrorMessage` and `sanitizeUserFacingText` functions to improve handling of billing-related messages. - Introduced new test cases for various scenarios involving billing messages to ensure accurate processing and output. - Enhanced the subagent announce flow to correctly manage active descendant runs, preventing premature announcements. * feat(subagent): enhance workflow guidance and auto-announcement clarity - Added a new guideline in the subagent system prompt to emphasize trust in push-based completion, discouraging busy polling for status updates. - Updated documentation to clarify that sub-agents will automatically announce their results, improving user understanding of the workflow. - Enhanced tests to verify the new guidance on avoiding polling loops and to ensure the accuracy of the updated prompts. * fix(cron): avoid announcing interim subagent spawn acks * chore: clean post-rebase imports * fix(cron): fall back to child replies when parent stays interim * fix(subagents): make active-run guidance advisory * fix(subagents): update announce flow to handle active descendants and enhance test coverage - Modified the announce flow to defer announcements when active descendant runs are present, ensuring accurate status reporting. - Updated tests to verify the new behavior, including scenarios where no fallback requester is available and ensuring proper handling of finished subagents. - Enhanced the announce formatting to include an `expectFinal` flag for better clarity in the announcement process. * fix(subagents): enhance announce flow and formatting for user updates - Updated the announce flow to provide clearer instructions for user updates based on active subagent runs and requester context. - Refactored the announcement logic to improve clarity and ensure internal context remains private. - Enhanced tests to verify the new message expectations and formatting, including updated prompts for user-facing updates. - Introduced a new function to build reply instructions based on session context, improving the overall announcement process. * fix: resolve prep blockers and changelog placement (#14447) (thanks @tyler6204) * fix: restore cron delivery-plan import after rebase (#14447) (thanks @tyler6204) * fix: resolve test failures from rebase conflicts (#14447) (thanks @tyler6204) * fix: apply formatting after rebase (#14447) (thanks @tyler6204)
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- `/kill <id|#|all>` (immediately abort one or all running sub-agents for this session; no confirmation message)
- `/steer <id|#> <message>` (steer a running sub-agent immediately: in-run when possible, otherwise abort current work and restart on the steer message)
- `/tell <id|#> <message>` (alias for `/steer`)
- `/config show|get|set|unset` (persist config to disk, owner-only; requires `commands.config: true`)
- `/debug show|set|unset|reset` (runtime overrides, owner-only; requires `commands.debug: true`)
- `/usage off|tokens|full|cost` (per-response usage footer or local cost summary)
- `/tts off|always|inbound|tagged|status|provider|limit|summary|audio` (control TTS; see [/tts](/tts))
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- Discord: native command is `/voice` (Discord reserves `/tts`); text `/tts` still works.
- `/stop`
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- `/restart`
- `/dock-telegram` (alias: `/dock_telegram`) (switch replies to Telegram)
- `/dock-discord` (alias: `/dock_discord`) (switch replies to Discord)
- `/dock-slack` (alias: `/dock_slack`) (switch replies to Slack)
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- `/activation mention|always` (groups only)
- `/send on|off|inherit` (owner-only)
- `/reset` or `/new [model]` (optional model hint; remainder is passed through)
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- `/think <off|minimal|low|medium|high|xhigh>` (dynamic choices by model/provider; aliases: `/thinking`, `/t`)
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- `/verbose on|full|off` (alias: `/v`)
- `/reasoning on|off|stream` (alias: `/reason`; when on, sends a separate message prefixed `Reasoning:`; `stream` = Telegram draft only)
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- `/elevated on|off|ask|full` (alias: `/elev`; `full` skips exec approvals)
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- `/exec host=<sandbox|gateway|node> security=<deny|allowlist|full> ask=<off|on-miss|always> node=<id>` (send `/exec` to show current)
- `/model <name>` (alias: `/models`; or `/<alias>` from `agents.defaults.models.*.alias`)
- `/queue <mode>` (plus options like `debounce:2s cap:25 drop:summarize`; send `/queue` to see current settings)
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- `/bash <command>` (host-only; alias for `! <command>`; requires `commands.bash: true` + `tools.elevated` allowlists)
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Text-only:
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- `/compact [instructions]` (see [/concepts/compaction](/concepts/compaction))
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- `! <command>` (host-only; one at a time; use `!poll` + `!stop` for long-running jobs)
- `!poll` (check output / status; accepts optional `sessionId`; `/bash poll` also works)
- `!stop` (stop the running bash job; accepts optional `sessionId`; `/bash stop` also works)
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Notes:
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- Commands accept an optional `:` between the command and args (e.g. `/think: high`, `/send: on`, `/help:`).
- `/new <model>` accepts a model alias, `provider/model`, or a provider name (fuzzy match); if no match, the text is treated as the message body.
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- For full provider usage breakdown, use `openclaw status --usage`.
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- `/allowlist add|remove` requires `commands.config=true` and honors channel `configWrites`.
- In multi-account channels, config-targeted `/allowlist --account <id>` and `/config set channels.<provider>.accounts.<id>...` also honor the target account's `configWrites`.
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- `/usage` controls the per-response usage footer; `/usage cost` prints a local cost summary from OpenClaw session logs.
- `/restart` is enabled by default; set `commands.restart: false` to disable it.
- Discord-only native command: `/vc join|leave|status` controls voice channels (requires `channels.discord.voice` and native commands; not available as text).
- Discord thread-binding commands (`/focus`, `/unfocus`, `/agents`, `/session idle`, `/session max-age`) require effective thread bindings to be enabled (`session.threadBindings.enabled` and/or `channels.discord.threadBindings.enabled`).
feat: ACP thread-bound agents (#23580) * docs: add ACP thread-bound agents plan doc * docs: expand ACP implementation specification * feat(acp): route ACP sessions through core dispatch and lifecycle cleanup * feat(acp): add /acp commands and Discord spawn gate * ACP: add acpx runtime plugin backend * fix(subagents): defer transient lifecycle errors before announce * Agents: harden ACP sessions_spawn and tighten spawn guidance * Agents: require explicit ACP target for runtime spawns * docs: expand ACP control-plane implementation plan * ACP: harden metadata seeding and spawn guidance * ACP: centralize runtime control-plane manager and fail-closed dispatch * ACP: harden runtime manager and unify spawn helpers * Commands: route ACP sessions through ACP runtime in agent command * ACP: require persisted metadata for runtime spawns * Sessions: preserve ACP metadata when updating entries * Plugins: harden ACP backend registry across loaders * ACPX: make availability probe compatible with adapters * E2E: add manual Discord ACP plain-language smoke script * ACPX: preserve streamed spacing across Discord delivery * Docs: add ACP Discord streaming strategy * ACP: harden Discord stream buffering for thread replies * ACP: reuse shared block reply pipeline for projector * ACP: unify streaming config and adopt coalesceIdleMs * Docs: add temporary ACP production hardening plan * Docs: trim temporary ACP hardening plan goals * Docs: gate ACP thread controls by backend capabilities * ACP: add capability-gated runtime controls and /acp operator commands * Docs: remove temporary ACP hardening plan * ACP: fix spawn target validation and close cache cleanup * ACP: harden runtime dispatch and recovery paths * ACP: split ACP command/runtime internals and centralize policy * ACP: harden runtime lifecycle, validation, and observability * ACP: surface runtime and backend session IDs in thread bindings * docs: add temp plan for binding-service migration * ACP: migrate thread binding flows to SessionBindingService * ACP: address review feedback and preserve prompt wording * ACPX plugin: pin runtime dependency and prefer bundled CLI * Discord: complete binding-service migration cleanup and restore ACP plan * Docs: add standalone ACP agents guide * ACP: route harness intents to thread-bound ACP sessions * ACP: fix spawn thread routing and queue-owner stall * ACP: harden startup reconciliation and command bypass handling * ACP: fix dispatch bypass type narrowing * ACP: align runtime metadata to agentSessionId * ACP: normalize session identifier handling and labels * ACP: mark thread banner session ids provisional until first reply * ACP: stabilize session identity mapping and startup reconciliation * ACP: add resolved session-id notices and cwd in thread intros * Discord: prefix thread meta notices consistently * Discord: unify ACP/thread meta notices with gear prefix * Discord: split thread persona naming from meta formatting * Extensions: bump acpx plugin dependency to 0.1.9 * Agents: gate ACP prompt guidance behind acp.enabled * Docs: remove temp experiment plan docs * Docs: scope streaming plan to holy grail refactor * Docs: refactor ACP agents guide for human-first flow * Docs/Skill: add ACP feature-flag guidance and direct acpx telephone-game flow * Docs/Skill: add OpenCode and Pi to ACP harness lists * Docs/Skill: align ACP harness list with current acpx registry * Dev/Test: move ACP plain-language smoke script and mark as keep * Docs/Skill: reorder ACP harness lists with Pi first * ACP: split control-plane manager into core/types/utils modules * Docs: refresh ACP thread-bound agents plan * ACP: extract dispatch lane and split manager domains * ACP: centralize binding context and remove reverse deps * Infra: unify system message formatting * ACP: centralize error boundaries and session id rendering * ACP: enforce init concurrency cap and strict meta clear * Tests: fix ACP dispatch binding mock typing * Tests: fix Discord thread-binding mock drift and ACP request id * ACP: gate slash bypass and persist cleared overrides * ACPX: await pre-abort cancel before runTurn return * Extension: pin acpx runtime dependency to 0.1.11 * Docs: add pinned acpx install strategy for ACP extension * Extensions/acpx: enforce strict local pinned startup * Extensions/acpx: tighten acp-router install guidance * ACPX: retry runtime test temp-dir cleanup * Extensions/acpx: require proactive ACPX repair for thread spawns * Extensions/acpx: require restart offer after acpx reinstall * extensions/acpx: remove workspace protocol devDependency * extensions/acpx: bump pinned acpx to 0.1.13 * extensions/acpx: sync lockfile after dependency bump * ACPX: make runtime spawn Windows-safe * fix: align doctor-config-flow repair tests with default-account migration (#23580) (thanks @osolmaz)
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- ACP command reference and runtime behavior: [ACP Agents](/tools/acp-agents).
- `/verbose` is meant for debugging and extra visibility; keep it **off** in normal use.
- Tool failure summaries are still shown when relevant, but detailed failure text is only included when `/verbose` is `on` or `full`.
- `/reasoning` (and `/verbose`) are risky in group settings: they may reveal internal reasoning or tool output you did not intend to expose. Prefer leaving them off, especially in group chats.
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- **Fast path:** command-only messages from allowlisted senders are handled immediately (bypass queue + model).
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- **Group mention gating:** command-only messages from allowlisted senders bypass mention requirements.
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- **Inline shortcuts (allowlisted senders only):** certain commands also work when embedded in a normal message and are stripped before the model sees the remaining text.
- Example: `hey /status` triggers a status reply, and the remaining text continues through the normal flow.
- Currently: `/help`, `/commands`, `/status`, `/whoami` (`/id`).
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- Unauthorized command-only messages are silently ignored, and inline `/...` tokens are treated as plain text.
- **Skill commands:** `user-invocable` skills are exposed as slash commands. Names are sanitized to `a-z0-9_` (max 32 chars); collisions get numeric suffixes (e.g. `_2`).
- `/skill <name> [input]` runs a skill by name (useful when native command limits prevent per-skill commands).
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- By default, skill commands are forwarded to the model as a normal request.
- Skills may optionally declare `command-dispatch: tool` to route the command directly to a tool (deterministic, no model).
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- Example: `/prose` (OpenProse plugin) — see [OpenProse](/prose).
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- **Native command arguments:** Discord uses autocomplete for dynamic options (and button menus when you omit required args). Telegram and Slack show a button menu when a command supports choices and you omit the arg.
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## Usage surfaces (what shows where)
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- **Provider usage/quota** (example: “Claude 80% left”) shows up in `/status` for the current model provider when usage tracking is enabled.
- **Per-response tokens/cost** is controlled by `/usage off|tokens|full` (appended to normal replies).
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- `/model status` is about **models/auth/endpoints**, not usage.
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## Model selection (`/model`)
`/model` is implemented as a directive.
Examples:
```
/model
/model list
/model 3
/model openai/gpt-5.2
/model opus@anthropic:default
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/model status
```
Notes:
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- `/model` and `/model list` show a compact, numbered picker (model family + available providers).
- On Discord, `/model` and `/models` open an interactive picker with provider and model dropdowns plus a Submit step.
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- `/model <#>` selects from that picker (and prefers the current provider when possible).
- `/model status` shows the detailed view, including configured provider endpoint (`baseUrl`) and API mode (`api`) when available.
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## Debug overrides
`/debug` lets you set **runtime-only** config overrides (memory, not disk). Owner-only. Disabled by default; enable with `commands.debug: true`.
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Examples:
```
/debug show
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/debug set messages.responsePrefix="[openclaw]"
/debug set channels.whatsapp.allowFrom=["+1555","+4477"]
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/debug unset messages.responsePrefix
/debug reset
```
Notes:
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- Overrides apply immediately to new config reads, but do **not** write to `openclaw.json`.
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- Use `/debug reset` to clear all overrides and return to the on-disk config.
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## Config updates
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`/config` writes to your on-disk config (`openclaw.json`). Owner-only. Disabled by default; enable with `commands.config: true`.
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Examples:
```
/config show
/config show messages.responsePrefix
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/config get messages.responsePrefix
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/config set messages.responsePrefix="[openclaw]"
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/config unset messages.responsePrefix
```
Notes:
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- Config is validated before write; invalid changes are rejected.
- `/config` updates persist across restarts.
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## Surface notes
- **Text commands** run in the normal chat session (DMs share `main`, groups have their own session).
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- **Native commands** use isolated sessions:
- Discord: `agent:<agentId>:discord:slash:<userId>`
- Slack: `agent:<agentId>:slack:slash:<userId>` (prefix configurable via `channels.slack.slashCommand.sessionPrefix`)
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- Telegram: `telegram:slash:<userId>` (targets the chat session via `CommandTargetSessionKey`)
- **`/stop`** targets the active chat session so it can abort the current run.
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- **Slack:** `channels.slack.slashCommand` is still supported for a single `/openclaw`-style command. If you enable `commands.native`, you must create one Slack slash command per built-in command (same names as `/help`). Command argument menus for Slack are delivered as ephemeral Block Kit buttons.
- Slack native exception: register `/agentstatus` (not `/status`) because Slack reserves `/status`. Text `/status` still works in Slack messages.